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MediaDisk This was created from http://www.linuxhomenetworking.com/wiki/index.php/Quick_HOWTO_:_Ch26_:_Linux_Software_RAID and http://www.linuxforums.org/forum/debian-linux-help/60295-problems-creating-raid-5-using-mdadm.html Check what filesystems are availible % sudo fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 750.1 GB, 750156374016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 91201 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk /dev/sda doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/sdb: 750.1 GB, 750156374016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 91201 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/sdc: 750.1 GB, 750156374016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 91201 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk /dev/sdc doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/sdd: 750.1 GB, 750156374016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 91201 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Disk /dev/sdd doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/hda: 400.0 GB, 400088457216 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 48641 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/hda1 * 1 2432 19535008+ fd Linux raid autodetect /dev/hda2 2433 2554 979965 fd Linux raid autodetect /dev/hda3 2555 48641 370193827+ fd Linux raid autodetect Disk /dev/hdc: 400.0 GB, 400088457216 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 48641 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/hdc1 * 1 2432 19535008+ fd Linux raid autodetect /dev/hdc2 2433 2554 979965 fd Linux raid autodetect /dev/hdc3 2555 48641 370193827+ fd Linux raid autodetect Disk /dev/md0: 20.0 GB, 20003749888 bytes 2 heads, 4 sectors/track, 4883728 cylinders Units = cylinders of 8 * 512 = 4096 bytes Disk /dev/md0 doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/md1: 1003 MB, 1003356160 bytes 2 heads, 4 sectors/track, 244960 cylinders Units = cylinders of 8 * 512 = 4096 bytes Disk /dev/md1 doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/md2: 379.0 GB, 379078377472 bytes 2 heads, 4 sectors/track, 92548432 cylinders Units = cylinders of 8 * 512 = 4096 bytes Disk /dev/md2 doesn't contain a valid partition table Ok starting with /dev/sda % sudo fdisk /dev/sda Now, m gives help text.
Add a new primary, first, partition partition with n p 1 Partition /dev/sda1 is the first partition on disk /dev/sda. Modify its type using the t command, and specify the partition number and type code. You also should use the L command to get a full listing of ID types in case you forget.
Use the p command to get the new proposed partition table: Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sda: 750.1 GB, 750156374016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 91201 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 91201 732572001 fd Linux raid autodetect Save The Changes Use the w command to permanently save the changes to disk /dev/sda: Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks.
Now the four new disks are found % sudo fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 750.1 GB, 750156374016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 91201 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 91201 732572001 fd Linux raid autodetect Disk /dev/sdb: 750.1 GB, 750156374016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 91201 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 91201 732572001 fd Linux raid autodetect Disk /dev/sdc: 750.1 GB, 750156374016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 91201 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdc1 1 91201 732572001 fd Linux raid autodetect Disk /dev/sdd: 750.1 GB, 750156374016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 91201 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdd1 1 91201 732572001 fd Linux raid autodetect
Creating the md device. Looking above I see that I already have md0 - md1, originating from my RAID 1. % sudo mdadm –-create –-verbose /dev/md3 –-level=raid5 --chunk=64 --parity=left-symmetric –-raid-devices=4 /dev/sda1 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdd1 %mdadm --create --force /dev/md1 --level=raid5 --chunk=64 -- parity=left-symmetric --raid-devices=4 /dev/sda1 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1 / dev/sdd1 Looking at the progress
% sudo watch cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid1] [raid5] [raid4]
md3 : active raid5 sdd1[4] sdc1[2] sdb1[1] sda1[0]
2197715712 blocks level 5, 64k chunk, algorithm 2 [4/3] [UUU_]
[==================>..] recovery = 90.2% (661495544/732571904) finish=23.8min speed=49710K/sec
md2 : active raid1 hda3[0] hdc3[1]
370193728 blocks [2/2] [UU]
md1 : active raid1 hda2[0] hdc2[1]
979840 blocks [2/2] [UU]
md0 : active raid1 hda1[0] hdc1[1]
19534912 blocks [2/2] [UU]
unused devices: <none>
watch is a very useful linux command which will refresh the output of a command ever 2 seconds for you. It took about 160 minutes... The mdadm.conf file contains information about your RAID array that the mdm daemon will need on boot to “re-assemble” your array ready for mounting. To create your mdadm.conf file, issue the following:
sudo echo "DEVICE partitions" > /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf
sudo mdadm –detail –scan >> /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf
I got permission denied there, so I manually edited the /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf % cat /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf DEVICE partitions ARRAY /dev/md0 level=raid1 num-devices=2 UUID=6806c80e:31715d1b:65497909:3105ce17 ARRAY /dev/md1 level=raid1 num-devices=2 UUID=d3f3313c:0ee1e56f:85061e90:08950fdc ARRAY /dev/md2 level=raid1 num-devices=2 UUID=4267e7b6:53f00be3:79baa5de:2dad767b ARRAY /dev/md3 level=raid5 num-devices=4 UUID=4c4ca9ef:2edb18ec:1f3755d9:45e96112 Creating ext3 filesystem sudo mkfs.ext3 /dev/md3 The next step is to create a mount point for /dev/md3. In this case we'll create one called /mnt/media % sudo mkdir /mnt/media
The /etc/fstab file lists all the partitions that need to mount when the system boots. Add an Entry for the RAID set, the /dev/md0 device. /dev/md3 /mnt/media ext3 defaults 0 2 Do not use labels in the /etc/fstab file for RAID devices; just use the real device name, such as /dev/md3. % cat /etc/fstab # /etc/fstab: static file system information. # # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 # /dev/md0 UUID=1d3a0339-d521-4c72-9035-b1013d7053e5 / ext3 defaults,errors=remount-ro 0 1 # /dev/md2 UUID=55a6cd1f-32ea-4593-b5d6-03f6cc3b6e72 /home ext3 defaults 0 2 # /dev/md1 UUID=a78fd647-076a-4a41-85b5-24a0b95d9be2 none swap sw 0 0 /dev/hdd /media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto 0 0 /dev/md3 /mnt/media ext3 defaults 0 2 % mount /dev/md3 % sudo mount /dev/md3 % ls /mnt/media/ lost+found % cd /mnt/media/ % df -h . Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/md3 2.1T 209M 2.0T 1% /mnt/media % cd /mnt/media/ % sudo mkdir public_media % sudo chmod a+w public_media % cd /home/public/ % ln -s /mnt/media/public_media media
All I got from the above was fsck: Device or resource busy while trying to open /dev/hda3. Then somebody started talking about blkid.tab which looks like this: % cat /etc/blkid.tab <device DEVNO="0x0301" TIME="1173629516" UUID="1d3a0339-d521-4c72-9035-b1013d7053e5" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3">/dev/hda1</device> <device DEVNO="0x0302" TIME="1173629516" UUID="a78fd647-076a-4a41-85b5-24a0b95d9be2" TYPE="swap">/dev/hda2</device> <device DEVNO="0x0303" TIME="1173629516" UUID="55a6cd1f-32ea-4593-b5d6-03f6cc3b6e72" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3">/dev/hda3</device> <device DEVNO="0x1601" TIME="1173629516" UUID="1d3a0339-d521-4c72-9035-b1013d7053e5" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3">/dev/hdc1</device> <device DEVNO="0x1602" TIME="1173629516" UUID="a78fd647-076a-4a41-85b5-24a0b95d9be2" TYPE="swap">/dev/hdc2</device> <device DEVNO="0x1603" TIME="1173629516" UUID="55a6cd1f-32ea-4593-b5d6-03f6cc3b6e72" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3">/dev/hdc3</device> <device DEVNO="0x0900" TIME="1185573556" PRI="10" UUID="1d3a0339-d521-4c72-9035-b1013d7053e5" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3">/dev/md0</device> <device DEVNO="0x0901" TIME="1173629516" PRI="10" UUID="a78fd647-076a-4a41-85b5-24a0b95d9be2" TYPE="swap">/dev/md1</device> <device DEVNO="0x0902" TIME="1173629517" PRI="10" UUID="55a6cd1f-32ea-4593-b5d6-03f6cc3b6e72" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3">/dev/md2</device> That did not seem right, the /dev/md0 have not been moved here so I tried: sudo blkid Password: /dev/hda1: UUID="1d3a0339-d521-4c72-9035-b1013d7053e5" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3" /dev/hda2: UUID="a78fd647-076a-4a41-85b5-24a0b95d9be2" TYPE="swap" /dev/hda3: UUID="55a6cd1f-32ea-4593-b5d6-03f6cc3b6e72" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3" /dev/hdc1: UUID="1d3a0339-d521-4c72-9035-b1013d7053e5" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3" /dev/hdc2: UUID="a78fd647-076a-4a41-85b5-24a0b95d9be2" TYPE="swap" /dev/hdc3: UUID="55a6cd1f-32ea-4593-b5d6-03f6cc3b6e72" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3" /dev/md0: UUID="0bdf6cba-849c-4073-b154-01918b93d6bc" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3" /dev/md1: UUID="1d3a0339-d521-4c72-9035-b1013d7053e5" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3" /dev/md2: TYPE="swap" UUID="a78fd647-076a-4a41-85b5-24a0b95d9be2" /dev/sda1: UUID="0bdf6cba-849c-4073-b154-01918b93d6bc" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3" /dev/sdd1: UUID="0bdf6cbe-849c-4073-b154-01918b93d6bc" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3" /dev/md3: UUID="55a6cd1f-32ea-4593-b5d6-03f6cc3b6e72" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3" % cat /etc/blkid.tab <device DEVNO="0x0301" TIME="1186950780" UUID="1d3a0339-d521-4c72-9035-b1013d7053e5" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3">/dev/hda1</device> <device DEVNO="0x0302" TIME="1186950780" UUID="a78fd647-076a-4a41-85b5-24a0b95d9be2" TYPE="swap">/dev/hda2</device> <device DEVNO="0x0303" TIME="1186950780" UUID="55a6cd1f-32ea-4593-b5d6-03f6cc3b6e72" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3">/dev/hda3</device> <device DEVNO="0x1601" TIME="1186950780" UUID="1d3a0339-d521-4c72-9035-b1013d7053e5" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3">/dev/hdc1</device> <device DEVNO="0x1602" TIME="1186950780" UUID="a78fd647-076a-4a41-85b5-24a0b95d9be2" TYPE="swap">/dev/hdc2</device> <device DEVNO="0x1603" TIME="1186950780" UUID="55a6cd1f-32ea-4593-b5d6-03f6cc3b6e72" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3">/dev/hdc3</device> <device DEVNO="0x0900" TIME="1186950780" PRI="10" UUID="0bdf6cba-849c-4073-b154-01918b93d6bc" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3">/dev/md0</device> <device DEVNO="0x0901" TIME="1186950780" PRI="10" UUID="1d3a0339-d521-4c72-9035-b1013d7053e5" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3">/dev/md1</device> <device DEVNO="0x0902" TIME="1186950780" PRI="10" UUID="a78fd647-076a-4a41-85b5-24a0b95d9be2" TYPE="swap">/dev/md2</device> <device DEVNO="0x0801" TIME="1186950780" UUID="0bdf6cba-849c-4073-b154-01918b93d6bc" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3">/dev/sda1</device> <device DEVNO="0x0831" TIME="1186950780" UUID="0bdf6cbe-849c-4073-b154-01918b93d6bc" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3">/dev/sdd1</device> <device DEVNO="0x0903" TIME="1186950780" PRI="10" UUID="55a6cd1f-32ea-4593-b5d6-03f6cc3b6e72" SEC_TYPE="ext2" TYPE="ext3">/dev/md3</device> Now we got an md3 in there as well, comparing that with the fstab % cat /etc/fstab # /etc/fstab: static file system information. # # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 # /dev/md0 UUID=1d3a0339-d521-4c72-9035-b1013d7053e5 / ext3 defaults,errors=remount-ro 0 1 # /dev/md2 UUID=55a6cd1f-32ea-4593-b5d6-03f6cc3b6e72 /home ext3 defaults 0 2 # /dev/md1 UUID=a78fd647-076a-4a41-85b5-24a0b95d9be2 none swap sw 0 0 /dev/hdd /media/cdrom0 udf,iso9660 user,noauto 0 0 #/dev/md3 /mnt/media ext3 defaults 0 2 #UUID=0bdf6cba-849c-4073-b154-01918b93d6bc /mnt/media ext3 defaults 0 2 And it worked!!! Now I just removed the comment on the last row to see if that still works. |